domingo, 6 de noviembre de 2011

Quiero ser Concejal, pero independiente!!

Me han preguntado con insistencia los requisitos para postular al Concejo Municipal como independiente. La verdad es que no había tenido el tiempo para responder adecuadamente, pero ahora es el momento preciso, pues se acercan a pasos agigantados las próximas elecciones municipales (28 de octubre de 2012).

Ya hace mucho tiempo he indicado los requisitos generales para postular al cargo de Concejal. Pueden ver el post aquí. Entre los más significativos se encuentran ser cuidadano con derecho a voto, saber leer y escribir, tener residencia de al menos dos años en la comuna por la que desea postular y no estar afecto a las inhabilidades que establece la ley N° 18.695 Orgánica Constitucional de Municipalidades.

Esta misma ley se encarga de fijar los requisitos relacionados con la presentación de las candidaturas a Alcaldes y Concejales.

En el caso de las candidaturas independientes, dicha ley establece (Art. 112) que las candidaturas a Concejales deberán ser patrocinadas por un número no inferior al 0,5% de los electores que hayan sufragado en la votación popular más reciente de la comuna de que se trate.

Para ejemplificar esto, un candidato a Concejal que desee presentarse en forma independiente por Santiago, deberá contar con el patrocinio de alrededor de 550 personas.

Si es de la comuna de Huara, de la I Región, en cambio, debe hacerse patrocinar por alrededor de 15 personas.

Ese mismo artículo prescribe que la determinación del número mínimo necesario de patrocinantes la hará el Director del Servicio Electoral mediante resolución que se publicará en el Diario Oficial con siete meses de anticipación, a lo menos, a la fecha en que deba realizarse la elección.

Esto significa que alrededor de febrero o marzo del próximo año se tendrá el número exacto de patrocinantes que será necesario demostrar, lo que se realiza ante notario público de la misma Comuna por la que se desea postular, patrocinio que debe ser constituido por ciudadanos inscritos en los registros electorales de la misma Comuna, que no estén afiliados a partidos políticos.

Hay que tener presente eso sí, que los independientes que postulen integrando pactos o subpactos no requerirán del patrocinio que estamos comentando. 

En efecto, otra forma de postular como Independiente es hacerlo a través de un pacto con un partido político, lo que puede alivianar la obligación de buscar el patrocinio legal obligatorio.

El tema no es más complejo que esto. Para postular como independiente-independiente es necesario contar con el patrocinio de un número variable de personas, lo que debe demostrarse a través de un documento legal (ante notario) el que será revisado y estudiado por el Servel.

La otra alternativa es hacerlo pactando con un partido político, caso en el cual -claro está- no se es tan independiente, pues evidentemente se debe tener cierta afinidad con el partido en referencia. En este caso, de acuerdo con la ley, no es necesario contar con patrocinio alguno.

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